What Is Zone X?

The Zone System

The technique is based on the studies of Hurter and Driffield. The Zone System gives a method of defining the relationship between the way a photographer visualizes a photographic subject and the final results. The Zone System is applicable to roll film, both black-and-white and color, negative and reversal, and to digital photography.

The "exposure" is a lot of different exposures because of the different elements of the scene. The exposure time is the same for all elements, but the image illuminance varies with the luminance of each subject element. Exposure is determined using a reflected-light exposure meter.

Calibration of the earliest meters gave satisfactory exposure for typical outdoor scenes. If the metered scene includes large areas of high or low reflectance, or large areas of highlight or shadow, the rendering may not be as desired. It is possible to make a meter reading of a scene element, but the exposure indicated by the meter will render that element as a dark object, and that result is not what is desired.

If the metered scene element is to be rendered as visualized, some adjustment of the indicated exposure is needed. The negative and print have a relationship with the physical scene. Exposure and development of the negative are usually determined so that a properly exposed negative will be able to yield an acceptable print.

Adams used a certain type of toning when processing prints. Adams used sedron to add a full zone to the final print, which produced richer dark tones that still hold shadow detail, despite the fact that it can alter the color of a print. His book described how to lighten or darken the final print using dodging and burning.

Classification of Risks in Heavy Ion Collisions

The risks are classified in a way that is more complex. There are several different zones in a one hazardous area. The risk factors include how long the explosion hazard is present and how far from the area the hazard is from.

There is a big difference between Zones 0-1 and Zone 2. The demands for Ex-rated products are lower in Zone 2. Zone 2 products are so low that they are unregulated.

There is no requirement for 3rd party testing. Category 1 equipment can be used in both Category 2 and Category 3. Category 3 equipment can only be used in certain areas.

The position of a point on Earth

The earth's curved surface is transformed into a flat two-dimensional surface by means of a map projection. A coordinate system is superimposed on a flat surface. A referencing frame is provided in order to define the position of objects.

The space is divided into four quadrants by the intersection of the x and y axes. Points along a vertical grid line to the right of the y- axis have a positive x coordinate value while those to the left of the y- axis have a negative x coordinate value. Points on a horizontal line above the x- axis have a positive y coordinate value while those below have a negative y value.

A point in the first quadrant has positive x and y coordinate values. The equator is the horizontal reference axis for the northing coordinates and has a value of 0 meters North for the northern hemisphere. The equator is assigned a false northing of 10,000,000 meters South to avoid negative numbers.

The equator has a zero latitude and the lysical lines are furthest apart. The maximum width of a UTM zone is on the equator. An approximate range for the easting values can be calculated by using the chosen ellipsoid.

The easting values can not be larger than 834000m and smaller than 166000m. In gps systems andgis software, the easting values are preceded with a 0 in order to represent them as 7 digit numbers. The number of meters a point is located north of the equator is called a northing value.